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China introduced additional taxes on parents who choose to have more than one child, a policy in effect since 1987. This measure was designed to address the country’s severe overpopulation challenges, which have caused significant social, economic, and environmental strain. By imposing financial penalties, the government aims to discourage large families and better manage population growth. This policy reflects broader strategies to ensure resources and services remain sustainable, but it also imposes financial burdens on families and raises complex questions about family planning and demographic shifts.
